Incorporating Climate-Responsive Vernacular Strategies and Modern Architectural Design: Sustainable Housing Model in North India

Abstract

Contemporary North Indian housing does not consider passive cooling of buildings, thermal comfort, and sustainable provision of climate-responsive vernacular architecture, leading to high energy consumption and poor indoor comfort. This research paper provides a detailed concept of implementing vernacular design concepts in modern architecture practice to provide sustainable housing in North India. The paper relies on the literature review, the climate of North Indian areas (Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Uttarakhand, etc.), and the case studies of traditional dwellings to define vernacular features such as courtyard planning, high thermal-mass walls, shaded verandahs, jaali screens, and strategic orientation to achieve the current standards of energy performance and occupant comfort. The proposed paradigm combines environmental (climatic), architectural (design and material), and socio-cultural issues into the modern house design. It is a combined approach that enhances thermal performance (minimising indoor temperatures to 35°C and cooling power needs for buildings) and preserves cultural heritage in homes. We describe the framework’s components, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages, and present diagrams that illustrate the interaction between passive features and modern technologies. This research provides architects and politicians with practical guidance on constructing climate-resilient and energy-efficient homes that align with the local culture.